The Chateaubriand Fellowship is a grant offered by the Office for Science and Technology of the Embassy of France in the United States. It allows students enrolled in American universities - PhD Candidates (preferably) or Post docs (in specific cases) - to conduct research in a French laboratory or university for a 3 to 10 month period of time.
This program has two main goals: to allow American researchers to benefit from an experience in one of the best laboratories in France, and to develop scientific cooperation in France and the United States.
Chateaubriand recipients receive a monthly allowance (2000 euros), a round-trip ticket and health insurance abroad. No particular level of French is required: French lessons may be available upon arrival in France.
Deadline for applications: March 31th, 2010. Click here to learn more.

Candidates can either apply to open positions listed for the relevant research institute, or contact laboratories working in a relevant research field directly. Learn more at http://www.cnrs.fr/en/join/Postdoctoral.htm

This type of position applies to experienced researchers with a duration of stay from 3 months to 1 year (may be extended up to 3 years in specific circumstances). The application must be presented by the CNRS host laboratory itself.

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Under a partnership between Inserm and CNRS, a call for proposal is launched to:

• Enable young scientists to create and lead a team within an already existing structure. The ATIP - AVENIR teams will strengthen the research of the host units but will develop independently their own scientific project. Successful applicants will have to develop their projects within a structure in which they never worked before
• Promote mobility and attract young team leaders of high-level working abroad. The ATIP - AVENIR grant is allocated for a period of 3 years. After evaluation, it can be extended for an additional 2 years.

It is open to any young scientists, whatever their position and nationality, having defended their PhD (or equivalent doctoral degree) within the last 10 years (on February 15, 2010)
Projects must relate to Life sciences or Health. Projects will be assessed by international scientific committees.
Deadline: February 15th, 2010. Full details are available on INSERM website.

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The State and the Ile-de-France Region are establishing new International Research Chairs to accommodate highly qualified, internationally acclaimed, foreign research scientists in all scientific fields. The global financial amount attributed to each project can go up to 200,000 € which includes among other things, salaries, social charges, taxes, accompanying expenses.
Deadline: January 11th, 2010. Full details are available on the Foundation's website

Each year the Institut de France's Christophe and Rodolphe Merieux Foundation awards a Scientific "Grand Prize" known as the "Christophe Merieux Prize" to support research into infectious diseases in developing countries. This Prize is exclusively destined to researchers whose activity is (permanently) exerted in such countries. The Christophe Merieux Prize (400,000 Euros) will be allocated as follows:
100,000 Euros as personal reward to the Prize winner having the scientific responsibility of the team;
300,000 Euros earmarked for the development of the team’s research.
Learn more at Fondation Mérieux

The HFSP supports novel, innovative and interdisciplinary basic research focused on the complex mechanisms of living organisms.
Research Grants are awarded for novel collaborations involving extensive collaboration among teams of scientists working in different countries and in different disciplines. Two types of grants are available: Young Investigator Grants and Program Grants.
Postdoctoral Fellowships are available for scientists who wish to work in foreign laboratories, with emphasis on individuals early in their careers who wish to obtain training in a different field of research. Fellows who return to their home countries are eligible to apply for a Career Development Award.
Cross-Disciplinary Fellowships: Cross-disciplinary fellowships are intended for postdoctoral fellows with a Ph.D. degree in the physical sciences, chemistry, mathematics, engineering and computer sciences who wish to receive training in biology. More details at www.hfsp.org

http://ec.europa.eu/research/mariecurieactions/index.htm

• Co-funding of regional, national and international programs (COFUND)
  Marie Curie Actions offer additional funding to existing or new regional and national fellowship programs for research training and career development. This COFUND scheme can also support and strengthen existing and new international programs. Learn more.
• International Incoming Fellowships (IIF)
  Researchers of any nationality active or recently active in Third Countries are eligible for an IIF and are welcome to work on projects in Europe. Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowships are specially designed to encourage these moves. Learn more.
• International Outgoing Fellowships for career development (IOF)
  European researchers can learn a lot from conducting high-level research in other parts of the world. Marie Curie Actions offers International Outgoing Fellowships for Career Development. Learn more.
• International Research Staff Exchange Scheme (IRSES)
  Marie Curie's International Research Staff Exchange Scheme helps research organizations to set up or strengthen long-term cooperation with others, through a coordinated exchange program for their staff. Learn more.

The France-Berkeley Fund (FBF) promotes scholarly exchange in all disciplines between UC Berkeley and all research centers and public institutions of higher education in France. Through its annual grant competition, the Fund provides seed-money for innovative, bi-national collaborative research. Successful projects bring together senior and junior researchers in a variety of ways, from workshops and conferences to exchanges of researchers in laboratories.
For the 2010 grant program applications from UC Berkeley, UC Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory are eligible for the competition. Deadline for applications: January 31st, 2010. Learn more.

The France-Stanford Center for Interdisciplinary Studies, founded at Stanford University in partnership with the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, aims to bridge the disciplines of the humanities, social sciences, sciences, engineering, business and law, addressing historical and contemporary issues of significance for France and the U.S. from a broad range of perspectives.
Its programs bring faculty members, researchers and students from across Stanford's departments and schools into contact with colleagues in France, to explore issues of common intellectual concern, to advance collaborative research, and to foster interdisciplinary inquiry.
Deadline for applications: March 1st, 2010 Learn more.

FACCTS is a new program designed to enhance science at the University of Chicago by encouraging closer relations between researchers in PSD and BSD and high-level research teams and institutions of higher education in France. It seeks to accomplish this goal by offering seed funding for new projects that promote meaningful academic and scientific exchange, and that show promise of leading to fruitful and sustainable collaboration. Deadline is December 7, 2009 for projects taking place in 2010.
Click here for more information.

A new two-year postdoctoral training fellowship will commence in 2010, in partnership between the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). There is widespread scientific consensus that the world's climate is changing and that there will be a broad range of impacts on health through a variety of factors, including greater heat stress, air pollution, respiratory disease exacerbation, and changes in the geographic distribution of vector-, food- and water-borne disease. The complexity of such influences requires that the next generation of climate and health scientists undergo training in a multi-disciplinary setting to ensure that they can address climate-related public health challenges. To this end, a postdoctoral program in which fellows are trained and conduct research in epidemiology, ecology, behavioral science, modeling and atmospheric science is being implemented. It is anticipated that these fellows will begin their appointments in early 2010. The application deadline is January 5th, 2010. Learn more.

Some of the 27 institutes and centers have grant mechanisms to support this work. Talk to program officers at relevant institutes and centers. NIH guide for grants and contracts can be found at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/index.html

Basic research grants and contracts http://www.niaid.nih.gov/ncn/budget/default.htm

Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study (MIDAS)
This is a collaboration of research and informatics groups to develop computational models of the interactions between infectious agents and their hosts, disease spread, prediction systems, and response strategies. http://www.nigms.nih.gov/Initiatives/MIDAS/

Evolution of Infectious Diseases (R01): Applications to study the evolutionary principles that underlie the emergence, spread, and containment of infectious disease. http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-07-130.html

Office of Behavioral and Social Science Research has two potentially relevant programs: http://obssr.od.nih.gov/about_obssr/about.aspx

• Using systems science methodologies to protect and improve population health (R21): Solicits grant applications that will contribute knowledge that will enhance effective decision making aroudn the development of and prioritization of policies, interventions, and programs to improve population health, especially in resource-limited settings. http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-08-224.html
• Community Participation in Research (R01): Solicits grant applications that propose intervention research on health promotion, disease prevention, and health disparities that communities and researchers jointly conduct. http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-08-074.html

The Global Infectious Disease (GID) program is designed to address research training needs related to infectious diseases that are predominantly endemic in or impact upon people living in developing countries. http://www.fic.nih.gov/programs/training_grants/gid.htm

Ecology of Infectious Diseases (EID) is a joint National Institutes of Health (NIH)-National Science Foundation (NSF) initiative supports efforts to understand the underlying ecological and biological mechanisms that govern relationships between human-induced environmental changes and the emergence and transmission of infectious diseases. http://www.fic.nih.gov/programs/research_grants/ecology/index.htm

The Fogarty International Research Collaborative Award (FIRCA) program provides funds ($50,000/year direct costs) to foster international research partnerships between NIH-supported scientists and their collaborators in countries of the developing world. The FIRCA program aims to benefit the research interests of both collaborators while increasing research capacity at the foreign site.
Requires parent NIH grant. http://www.fic.nih.gov/programs/research_grants/firca/index.htm

These grants support basic research, behavioral, and clinical scientists at the post-doctoral level who are committed to a career in international health research.

• K01: For mentored scientists http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-10-066.html
• K02: For independent scientists http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-10-065.html

This division conducts research in epidemiology and mathematical modeling of infectious diseases. Primary concentrations include cross-national studies of mortality patterns with special emphasis on influenza-associated disease, malaria and other vector-borne and vaccine-preventable diseases. http://www.fic.nih.gov/about/dieps.htm

Unlike other international science awards, the "InBev-Baillet Latour Health Prize" does not seek to encourage fundamental research, but its most useful applications. The award is given to a person for his/her activities in scientific medical research and/or practical applications of this research. Its goal is to reward the scientific merits of the winner and promote the continuation of the research.
This scientific prize, with a value of 200,000 euros, is awarded every year. It rewards applied medical research on a theme chosen. The Management Board of the InBev-Baillet Latour Fund has decided that the theme of the 2010 InBev-Baillet Latour Health Prize will be: "Metabolic Disorders".
For the following years, the themes will be, in succession: "Infectious Diseases and Immunology", "Neurosciences", "Cancer", "Cardiovascular Diseases".
The Prize is open to scientists of all nationalities, who have not previously received in their own name an equivalent Prize rewarding the work that is submitted for the InBev-Baillet Latour Health Prize.
The nominee must be proposed by one person duly qualified to appreciate the nominees' work. Full details are available here